Similarity and property effects in inductive reasoning.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Similarity and property effects in inductive reasoning.
Three experiments investigated the proposal that inductive inferences about different properties depend on different measures of similarity. In Experiments 1 and 2, Ss were given the premise that a category of animals has some property and judged the probability that another category of animals also has that property. Ss made the strongest inferences when the kind of property (anatomical or beh...
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We investigate several methods of inductive reasoning in the domain of difference equations, including the method of generalization with beliefs, the method of successive refinement, and temporal methods based on comparisons with previously solved problems.
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Inductive reasoning entails using existing knowledge or observations to make predictions about novel cases. We review recent findings in research on category-based induction as well as theoretical models of these results, including similarity-based models, connectionist networks, an account based on relevance theory, Bayesian models, and other mathematical models. A number of touchstone empiric...
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One of the most important open questions in reasoning research is how inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning are related. In an effort to address this question, we applied methods and concepts from memory research. We used 2 experiments to examine the effects of logical validity and premise-conclusion similarity on evaluation of arguments. Experiment 1 showed 2 dissociations: For a common ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition
سال: 1994
ISSN: 1939-1285,0278-7393
DOI: 10.1037/0278-7393.20.2.411